What a Hole-in-One Is

A hole-in-one happens when your very first shot on a hole finishes in the cup. Because you have to reach the green from the tee, it happens almost exclusively on par-3s, where the flag is within a single shot’s reach. The word ace means exactly the same thing and is used interchangeably.

It is the rare golf achievement that needs no explanation and no handicap — a hole-in-one is the same magic moment for a beginner as it is for a major champion. Most golfers who play for decades never make one; a lucky few make several.

How a Hole-in-One Scores

A hole-in-one is always one stroke — but what it’s called depends on the hole’s par, because scoring is always measured against par:

Par 3
Eagle
ace = 2 under par
Par 4
Albatross
ace = 3 under par
Par 5
Condor
ace = 4 under par

So while every ace is a single stroke, a hole-in-one on a par-3 goes on the card as an eagle, on a par-4 as an albatross (double eagle), and on the almost-unheard-of par-5 as a condor — golf’s rarest score of all. Since nearly every ace is made on a par-3, most hole-in-ones are technically eagles.

The Odds of a Hole-in-One

Aces are rare, and the numbers make it clear just how rare. These are the widely-cited estimates for holing out on a given par-3:

1 in 12,500
Average amateur, on a par-3
1 in 3,000
Tour professional, on a par-3
1 in 17M
Two players, same hole, same day

Put another way: a typical amateur who plays regularly might expect an ace once every several years — or never. Professionals, hitting more greens and taking dead aim at tucked pins, make them far more often, but even on Tour a hole-in-one is a highlight-reel moment. The odds of a specific outcome like two players acing the same hole in the same group climb into the millions.

What makes an ace “count”?

For a hole-in-one to be recognized — especially for records, prizes or insurance — it generally must be made during a real round (stroke play or match play) on a full-length hole, and witnessed by at least one other player. A shot holed while practicing or playing alone is still a thrill, but many clubs and record books require a witness.

The Traditions

A hole-in-one comes with one famous obligation: by long tradition, the player who makes an ace buys a round of drinks for the clubhouse. The custom is so well established that hole-in-one insurance exists to cover the bar tab, and charity outings often sell it to protect themselves against a lucky guest. Many events also offer a headline prize — a car, a cash pot, or a trip — for an ace on a designated par-3.

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How to Give Yourself the Best Chance

A hole-in-one is mostly luck — but you make luck more likely by hitting good shots at the right target. On a par-3:

1
Take enough club to reach the pin
Most amateurs come up short on par-3s. Club up so a normal swing carries all the way to the hole — you cannot make an ace from the front bunker.
2
Aim at the flag when the shot is on
On a short par-3 with a good number and no trouble short, take dead aim. The more tee shots you finish near the hole, the more chances one drops.
3
Play for a good landing spot and let it feed
Many aces roll in rather than fly in. Landing the ball on the correct side of the green so the slope funnels it toward the cup turns a good shot into a great one.
4
Just keep teeing it up
The single biggest factor is attempts. The more par-3s you play over the years, the more likely golf’s greatest fluke eventually finds you.

Whatever you shoot the rest of the day, an ace goes down as one of the best moments in the game. For the rest of golf’s scoring language, see the full guide to golf scoring terms.